Alaska K-12 Email Security Intelligence:
DNS Authentication Profiling of 54 School District LEAs

Lokentra Research Team

Lokentra U.S. Email Security Index (ESI) — State Intelligence Series

April 22, 2026

research@monitorworkspace.com • monitorworkspace.com/scorecard

Abstract

We present DNS email security profiling for 54 K-12 LEAs in Alaska, of which 54 have active domains (100.0% coverage). Domains were scored on the Lokentra 100-point Email Security Index (ESI) rubric (SPF 30 pts + DKIM 30 pts + DMARC 40 pts). Alaska K-12 districts achieve an average ESI score of 61.6/100, with 50.0% earning Grade A or B (strong posture) and 18.5% receiving Grade F (minimal authentication). Only 61.1% have any DMARC record, and just 48.1% have DMARC at an enforcement level (quarantine or reject) — leaving 38.9% of districts fully vulnerable to email domain spoofing. This report provides entity-level data for all 54 scored domains including provider classification, authentication status, and ESI score, sourced from NCES CCD 2024-2025 and live DNS resolution conducted April 22, 2026.

Keywords: Alaska, K-12 email security, DMARC, SPF, school district cybersecurity, DNS authentication, Google Workspace, education technology

1. Dataset Overview

Table 1. Alaska K-12 Dataset Summary
Metric	Value
Total K-12 LEAs in state	54
Regular school districts	53
Charter LEAs	0
Other LEA types (state-operated, regional, etc.)	1
LEAs with active internet domain	54 (100.0%)
Domains DNS-profiled	54
Data freshness (NCES CCD)	2024-2025 school year
DNS scan date	April 22, 2026

2. The Human Impact: Populations at Risk

To estimate human exposure, NCES national averages are applied to CCD 2024-2025 operational school counts: 381 students per school, 51 staff per school, and 2 parents or guardians per student. Alaska K-12 districts collectively operate approximately 488 schools.

Table 2. Estimated Population Exposure from K-12 Email Security Gaps — Alaska
Population	Total in Dataset	At Risk (No DMARC, 38.9%)	Critically Exposed (Grade F, 18.5%)
Students	185,928	72,325	34,396
Parents and guardians	371,856	144,651	68,793
Staff and educators	24,888	9,681	4,604
Total people	582,672	226,659	107,794

Estimates based on NCES national averages. Individual district enrollment data can be linked via NCES LEAID for precise counts.

3. Authentication Findings

3.1 Protocol Adoption

Table 3. Email Authentication Protocol Adoption — Alaska K-12
Protocol	Alaska	National K-12 (ESI)	vs. National
SPF (any configuration)	81.5%	79.7%	+1.8pp
DKIM (key published)	75.9%	59.6%	+16.3pp
DMARC (any policy)	61.1%	55.5%	+5.6pp
DMARC at enforcement (quarantine/reject)	48.1%	~21.0%	+27.1pp
DMARC at reject (full enforcement)	14.8%	~12.2%	+2.6pp
No MX records (not receiving email)	3.7%	~10.0%	-6.3pp

3.2 ESI Grade Distribution

Table 4. ESI Score Grade Distribution — Alaska K-12
Grade	Score	Districts	Share	Interpretation
A	90–100	11	20.4%	Full enforcement
B	70–89	16	29.6%	Strong posture
C	50–69	11	20.4%	Partial protection
D	30–49	6	11.1%	Weak configuration
F	0–29	10	18.5%	Minimal/no authentication
Average score		61.6 / 100

3.3 Email Provider Distribution

Table 5. Email Provider Distribution — Alaska K-12 (top providers)
Provider	Districts	Share
Google Workspace	43	79.6%
Microsoft 365	5	9.3%
Barracuda	1	1.9%

4. District-Level Data

4.1 Top Performing Districts (Best ESI Scores)

Table 6. Top 15 Alaska K-12 Districts by ESI Score
District	Domain	County	Provider	SPF	DKIM	DMARC Policy	Score	Grade
Delta/Greely School District	`dgsd.us`	Southeast Fairbanks Census Area	—	✓	✓	reject	100	A
Kodiak Island Borough School District	`kibsd.org`	Kodiak Island Borough	Microsoft 365	✓	✓	reject	100	A
Fairbanks North Star Borough School District	`k12northstar.org`	Fairbanks North Star Borough	Google Workspace	✓	✓	reject	100	A
North Slope Borough School District	`nsbsd.org`	North Slope Borough	Microsoft 365	✓	✓	reject	100	A
Bristol Bay Borough School District	`bbbsd.net`	Bristol Bay Borough	Google Workspace	✓	✓	reject	95	A
Juneau Borough School District	`juneauschools.org`	Juneau City and Borough	Google Workspace	✓	✓	reject	95	A
Lake and Peninsula Borough School District	`lpsd.com`	Bristol Bay Borough	Google Workspace	✓	✓	reject	95	A
Kenai Peninsula Borough School District	`kpbsd.k12.ak.us`	Kenai Peninsula Borough	—	✓	✓	reject	95	A
Nome Public Schools	`nomeschools.org`	Nome Census Area	Google Workspace	✓	✓	quarantine	90	A
Southwest Region School District	`swrsd.org`	Dillingham Census Area	Google Workspace	✓	✓	quarantine	90	A
Yukon-Koyukuk School District	`yksd.com`	Fairbanks North Star Borough	Google Workspace	✓	✓	quarantine	90	A
Anchorage School District	`asdk12.org`	Anchorage Municipality	Microsoft 365	✓	✓	quarantine	88	B
Mount Edgecumbe	`mehs.us`	Sitka City and Borough	Google Workspace	✓	✓	quarantine	85	B
Hoonah City School District	`hoonahschools.org`	Hoonah-Angoon Census Area	Google Workspace	✓	✓	quarantine	85	B
Kake City School District	`kakeschools.com`	Prince of Wales-Hyder Census Area	Google Workspace	✓	✓	quarantine	85	B

4.2 Districts Most in Need of Improvement (Lowest ESI Scores)

Table 7. Bottom 15 Alaska K-12 Districts by ESI Score
District	Domain	County	Provider	SPF	DKIM	DMARC Policy	Score	Grade
Kashunamiut School District	`chevakschool.org`	Kusilvak Census Area	Google Workspace	✗	✗	—	0	F
Galena City School District	`galenaalaska.org`	Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area	—	✗	✗	—	0	F
Craig City School District	`ccsd.k12.ak.us`	Prince of Wales-Hyder Census Area	Google Workspace	✗	✗	—	0	F
Pribilof School District	`pribilofsd.org`	Aleutians West Census Area	Google Workspace	✗	✗	—	0	F
Kuspuk School District	`kuspuk.org`	Bethel Census Area	Google Workspace	✗	✗	—	0	F
Chugach School District	`chugachschooldistrict.com`	Anchorage Municipality	—	✗	✗	—	0	F
Wrangell Public School District	`wpsd.us`	Wrangell City and Borough	Google Workspace	✗	✗	—	0	F
Lower Yukon School District	`lysd.org`	Kusilvak Census Area	Google Workspace	✓	✗	—	25	F
Alaska Gateway School District	`agsd.us`	Southeast Fairbanks Census Area	Google Workspace	✓	✗	—	25	F
Dillingham City School District	`dlgsd.org`	Dillingham Census Area	Google Workspace	✓	✗	—	25	F
Ketchikan Gateway Borough School District	`kgbsd.org`	Ketchikan Gateway Borough	Google Workspace	✗	✓	—	30	D
Lower Kuskokwim School District	`lksd.org`	Bethel Census Area	—	✓	✗	—	30	D
Southeast Island School District	`sisd.org`	Prince of Wales-Hyder Census Area	Google Workspace	✗	✓	—	30	D
Klawock City School District	`klawockschool.com`	Prince of Wales-Hyder Census Area	Google Workspace	✓	✗	none	35	D
Sitka School District	`sitkaschools.org`	Sitka City and Borough	Microsoft 365	✓	✗	none	40	D

4.3 County-Level Summary (Top 10 Counties by District Count)

Table 8. Alaska County Distribution
County	Districts	Website Coverage
Prince of Wales-Hyder Census Area	6	100.0%
Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area	5	100.0%
Bethel Census Area	3	100.0%
Kusilvak Census Area	3	100.0%
Anchorage Municipality	3	100.0%
Hoonah-Angoon Census Area	3	100.0%
Sitka City and Borough	2	100.0%
Nome Census Area	2	100.0%
Bristol Bay Borough	2	100.0%
Southeast Fairbanks Census Area	2	100.0%

5. Policy Implications

These findings identify specific, actionable gaps in Alaska's K-12 email security posture. The 38.9% DMARC gap represents districts that can be impersonated by any sender, enabling phishing campaigns targeting parents, students, and educators with no authentication failure. Key observations:

Immediate risk: 10 districts (18.5%) have Grade F scores, indicating minimal or no email authentication. These represent the highest-priority remediation targets.
Mid-tier stagnation: 11 districts (20.4%) are in the C range — typically have SPF but no DMARC or weak DMARC (p=none). Upgrading to p=quarantine would move them to B without infrastructure changes.
Provider leverage: Google Workspace (used by 79.6% of scored districts) provides automated SPF/DKIM configuration. Districts on Google Workspace with Grade F scores have misconfigured or missing DMARC — a free and simple fix.

6. Data Availability

The full Alaska K-12 dataset — 54 entities with NCES CCD enrichment (phone, address, grade span, school count, LEAID) and DNS authentication profiles — is available as part of the Lokentra ESI State Pack.

Table 9. Licensing Tiers
Tier	Scope	Suggested Use
State Pack: Alaska	All 54 K-12 LEAs, full DNS profile + CCD enrichment	Regional studies, state policy, outreach
K-12 National	All 50 states, 20,021+ K-12 LEAs	National K-12 cybersecurity research
Full Registry	801,359+ entities across all sectors	Comprehensive multi-sector research
API + Updates	Quarterly re-scan, REST API	Longitudinal studies, live dashboards

Contact: research@monitorworkspace.com — Free demo at monitorworkspace.com/scorecard

Citation: Lokentra Research Team (2026). Alaska K-12 Email Security Intelligence: DNS Authentication Profiling of 54 School District LEAs. Lokentra U.S. Email Security Index (ESI) — State Intelligence Series. https://lokentra-site.web.app/research/states/ak-k12-paper.html

Data sources: NCES Common Core of Data (CCD) 2024-2025; DNS records resolved via Google Public DNS (8.8.8.8) and Cloudflare (1.1.1.1). All entity data derived from publicly accessible government registries.

National baseline figures from Lokentra U.S. Education Sector Email Security Intelligence Dataset (March 2026). See education-dataset-paper.html for full methodology.

Alaska K-12 Email Security Intelligence:DNS Authentication Profiling of 54 School District LEAs